Qualitative and Quantitative Characterization of Gut Microbiota in Macrobrachium Malcolmsonii in Relation to Water Quality Parameters of Lower Anicut (Anaikarai) Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu

Rojamadhuvanthi, C.¹ & Anne Rebecca, A.^2*

¹Department of Zoology, PSG college of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
²Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, PSG college of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Anne Rebecca, A., Department of Zoology, PSG college of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Keywords: M. malcolmsonii; Gut Microbiota; Planktons; Water Quality Parameters; Anakarai

Abstract

Background
The gut microbial community is one of the richest and most complex ecosystems on earth. Aquaculture industry of the world is facing serious problems due to microbial diseases of pathogenic microbes. On the other hand, probiotics are healthy gut microbiota and play an important role in host development and immune system protection. Macrobrachium malcolmsonii is a second largest fast growing prawn occurs commonly in Indian rivers, draining into the Bay of Bengal. M. malcolmsonii is also abundant in the river Cauvery, a major perennial river of southern India. Phytoplaktons and zooplanktons are biological indicators whereas, water quality parameters determine the diversity of gut microbiota.
Results
Qualitative and Quantitative analysis of gut microbiota were carried out in adult M. malcolmsonii of length (25.09±3.25) cm and weight (12.05±0.52) gm, within 36 hours of capture from the wild. The quantification of 10-5 dilution resulted in 86 colonies. Qualitative examination of gut microbiotia reaveled the presence of bacteria belonging to the genera Escherichia, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Vibrio and Staphylococcus. Bacillariphyceae, Nostoceae, Diatomea, Surirellaceae, Skeletonemataceae, Fragilariaceae, Brachionidae, Bacillaricaea and Volvocaceae families of phytoplanktons and Daphniidae, Ceratiaceae, Parameciidae and Hexamitida families of zooplanktons where the predominating planktonic community in water medium of the host species. Water temperature of 26±1^°C, PH 7.3±0.2, dissolved oxygen 3.72±0.23, alkalinity 15.33±7.69, salinity 0.053±0.001 and chlorides 16.2±1.73 were recorded for the water medium of the host species.
Conclusion
Significant increase in alkalinity is attributed to the gut associated microbiota, with distribution of pathogenic groups.

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