Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Patients at A Tertiary Care Hospital in India

Rahul Kamble, S.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hinduja Healthcare Surgical Hospital, Mumbai, India

Rahul Kamble, S., Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hinduja Healthcare Surgical Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Keywords: Ceftriaxone-Sulbactam-EDTA-1034; ESBL; Bacterial Resistance; Sensitivity

Abstract

Objective
The continuous variations in the bacterial resistance patterns in different geographical niches necessitates updating of antimicrobial susceptibility profiles data regularly to guide clinicians in choosing the appropriate empiric therapies. This retrospective study assessed the characteristics of pathogens identified in clinical isolates from different clinical samples and their in vitro susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics for multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens in our hospital settings.
Methods
A total of 212 samples from 210 patients treated for various bacterial infections during October 2016 to November 2017 were included in the study. Three antimicrobial agents had been used and extended spectrum ?-lactamases (ESBL) production was confirmed by double-disk synergy test.
Results
Of the 212 isolates from 210 patients, 196 (92.0%) were Gram negative and 16 (8.0%) were Gram positive organisms. Only 196 Gram negative isolates were included in the final analysis. 58.4% isolates were from urine, 12.3% from blood, 10.8% from pus and 18.5% from other sources. Escherichia Coli was detected in half (50%) of clinical samples, followed by Klebsiella Pneumoniae (25.8%) and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (5.3%). The detection rate of the ESBL-producing isolates was 20.7%. Resistance to piperacillin-tazobactam was most common among all the isolates. CSE- 1034(Ceftriaxone-sulbactam-EDTA-1034) had the greatest activity against both the ESBL and non-ESBL E. coli (98.1%; 96.8%) and K. Pneumoniae (90.9%; 75%) respectively whereas both CSE- 1034 and meropenem exhibited similar level of activity against P. Aeruginosa (90.9%). All other isolates except one isolate of enterobacter showed 100% sensitivity to all the three drugs.
Conclusion
This retrospective data suggest that CSE-1034 can be considered an important therapeutic option for the treatment of both ESBL and Non-ESBL Gram-negative bacterial infections. A careful monitoring of antimicrobial usage and resistance patterns should be done at regular intervals in healthcare settings to combat the problem of antimicrobial resistance.

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