Role of Vitamin D in the Etiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, A Review

Nahla Al-Bayyari

Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Al-Huson University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan

Nahla Al-Bayyari, Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Al-Huson University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan.

Keywords: Vitamin D; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Hyperandrogenism; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Disturbances?

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of ovarian dysfunction in women suffering from anovulation. It is characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and/or the presence of polycystic ovaries on ultrasonography. No single etiologic factor fully accounts for the spectrum of abnormalities in PCOS. Interactions between genetic and environmental factors such as genetic, gonadotropins and insulin contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. Vitamin D deficiency among PCOS women is prevalent and reaches 67 to 85 percent. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has been found to be associated with metabolic syndrome which may have great impact on public health. Low 25(OH)D levels may exacerbate the symptoms of PCOS, including insulin resistance, ovulatory, menstrual irregularities, infertility, hyperandrogenism, obesity and elevate the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Many observational studies suggest a possible role of vitamin D in an inverse association between vitamin D status and metabolic disturbances in PCOS, but it is still inconclusive to draw a definite conclusion in the causal relationship due to inconsistent findings from various studies and from meta-analysis report of a systematic review.

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