Nano Particles for Insulin Delivery to Control Diabetes Mellitus

Joseph Francis, P. J.^1*, Irene Joseph² & Firdous Jahan³

¹Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Al Tareef, Sohar, Sultanate of Oman
²St. Albert’s College, Ernakulam, Kochi, Kerala, India
³Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Al Tareef, Sohar, Sultanate of Oman

Dr. Joseph Francis, P. J., Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Al Tareef, Sohar, Sultanate of Oman.

Keywords: Nanoparticles (NPs); Insulin-Gold Nanoparticles (INS-GNPs); Polylacticacid-Polyethyleneglycol Nanoparticles (PLA-PEG NPs); Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) Nanoparticles (PHBHHxNPs); Insulin-Polylactate Nanoparticles (INS-PLC-NPs); Cyclodextrin-Modified-Glucose Oxidase (CD-GOD)

Abstract

Nanoparticles have superior properties due to their size, volume and charge. The increased surface area enables the nanoparticles to function effectively in the delivery of biochemical substances. When insulin is coated with certain nanoparticles like gold nanoparticles or polylactate nanoparticles their bioactivity became more adjustable. Comparing to free insulin the activity is three times greater for Insulin-Polylactate nanoparticles and Insulin-gold nanoparticles. The coating is found to prevent the fast degradation by the insulin degrading enzyme. This paper explores the applications of nanoparticles for the insulin delivery to control diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder.

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